Visible Turnstile widget with refresh button, always verify on backend

admin/src/app/login/page.tsx

@@ -13,63 +13,64 @@ export default function LoginPage() {
   const [error, setError] = useState('');
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [turnstileToken, setTurnstileToken] = useState('');
+  const [turnstileReady, setTurnstileReady] = useState(false);
   const turnstileRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const widgetIdRef = useRef<string | null>(null);
+  const tokenRef = useRef('');
   const { login } = useAuth();
   const router = useRouter();
 
+  // Keep ref in sync with state so the submit handler always has the latest value
+  useEffect(() => { tokenRef.current = turnstileToken; }, [turnstileToken]);
+
   const renderTurnstile = useCallback(() => {
     if (!TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY || !turnstileRef.current || !(window as any).turnstile) return;
-    // Clean up previous widget if exists
     if (widgetIdRef.current) {
       try { (window as any).turnstile.remove(widgetIdRef.current); } catch {}
     }
     widgetIdRef.current = (window as any).turnstile.render(turnstileRef.current, {
       sitekey: TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY,
-      size: 'invisible',
+      size: 'normal',
-      callback: (token: string) => setTurnstileToken(token),
+      theme: 'light',
-      'error-callback': () => setTurnstileToken(''),
+      callback: (token: string) => { setTurnstileToken(token); tokenRef.current = token; setTurnstileReady(true); },
-      'expired-callback': () => setTurnstileToken(''),
+      'error-callback': () => { setTurnstileToken(''); tokenRef.current = ''; setTurnstileReady(false); },
+      'expired-callback': () => { setTurnstileToken(''); tokenRef.current = ''; setTurnstileReady(false); },
     });
   }, []);
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    // If script already loaded (e.g. SPA navigation), render immediately
     if ((window as any).turnstile && TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY) {
       renderTurnstile();
     }
   }, [renderTurnstile]);
 
+  const refreshTurnstile = () => {
+    setTurnstileToken('');
+    tokenRef.current = '';
+    setTurnstileReady(false);
+    setError('');
+    if (widgetIdRef.current && (window as any).turnstile) {
+      (window as any).turnstile.reset(widgetIdRef.current);
+    }
+  };
+
   const handleSubmit = async (e: React.FormEvent) => {
     e.preventDefault();
     setError('');
+
+    if (TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY && !tokenRef.current) {
+      setError('Please complete the security check first.');
+      return;
+    }
+
     setLoading(true);
     try {
-      // If Turnstile is configured but token is empty, execute the challenge
+      await login(email, password, tokenRef.current);
-      if (TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY && !turnstileToken && widgetIdRef.current) {
-        (window as any).turnstile.execute(widgetIdRef.current);
-        // Wait briefly for the invisible challenge to resolve
-        await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
-          let attempts = 0;
-          const check = setInterval(() => {
-            attempts++;
-            if (turnstileToken || attempts > 50) {
-              clearInterval(check);
-              resolve();
-            }
-          }, 100);
-        });
-      }
-
-      await login(email, password, turnstileToken);
       router.push('/');
     } catch (err: any) {
       setError(err.message || 'Login failed. Check your credentials.');
       // Reset turnstile for retry
-      if (widgetIdRef.current && (window as any).turnstile) {
+      refreshTurnstile();
-        (window as any).turnstile.reset(widgetIdRef.current);
-        setTurnstileToken('');
-      }
     } finally {
       setLoading(false);
     }
@@ -124,9 +125,24 @@ export default function LoginPage() {
                 required
               />
             </div>
-            {/* Invisible Turnstile widget container */}
+            {/* Visible Turnstile widget */}
-            <div ref={turnstileRef} />
+            {TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY && (
-            <button type="submit" className="btn-primary w-full" disabled={loading}>
+              <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
+                <div ref={turnstileRef} />
+                <button
+                  type="button"
+                  onClick={refreshTurnstile}
+                  className="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 underline"
+                >
+                  Refresh verification
+                </button>
+              </div>
+            )}
+            <button
+              type="submit"
+              className="btn-primary w-full"
+              disabled={loading || (!!TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY && !turnstileReady)}
+            >
               {loading ? 'Signing in...' : 'Sign In'}
             </button>
           </form>

go-backend/internal/handlers/admin_handler.go

@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ func (h *AdminHandler) AdminLogin(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	req.Email = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(req.Email))
 
-	// Verify Turnstile token (invisible mode) — only if both secret and token are present
+	// Verify Turnstile token
-	if h.turnstileSecret != "" && req.TurnstileToken != "" {
+	if h.turnstileSecret != "" {
 		turnstileService := services.NewTurnstileService(h.turnstileSecret)
 		remoteIP := c.ClientIP()
 		turnstileResp, err := turnstileService.VerifyToken(req.TurnstileToken, remoteIP)